An archipelago among the Greater Antilles, located
between the Dominican Republic and the US Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico includes the
eponymous main island and several smaller islands, such as Mona, Culebra, and
Vieques. The capital and most populous city is San Juan. The territory's total
population is approximately 3,4 million. Spanish and English are the official
languages of the executive branch of government, though Spanish predominates.
Originally populated by the indigenous Taíno people,
Puerto Rico was colonized by Spain following the arrival of Christopher
Columbus in 1493. It was contested by the French, Dutch, and British, but
remained a Spanish possession for the next four centuries. The island's
cultural and demographic landscapes were shaped by the displacement and
assimilation of the native population, the forced migration of African slaves,
and settlement from the Canary Islands and Andalusia. In the Spanish Empire,
Puerto Rico played a secondary but strategic role compared to wealthier
colonies like Peru and New Spain. Spain's distant administrative control
continued up to the end of the 19th century, producing a distinctive creole
Hispanic culture and language that combined indigenous, African, and European
elements. On 23 September 1868, Ramón Emeterio Betances unleashed a revolt
against Spanish rule, declaring for the first time the idea of Puerto Ricans as
a distinct people, with right to sovereignty. This revolt, known as El Grito de
Lares, was eventually put down by Spanish forces, but the movement continued.
In 1898, following the Spanish-American War, the United States acquired Puerto
Rico under the terms of the Treaty of Paris. Since then, Puerto Rico has
remained an unincorporated territorial possession, making it the world's oldest
colony.
Puerto Ricans have been citizens of the United States
since 1917, and can move freely between the island and the mainland. As it is
not a state, Puerto Rico does not have a vote in the United States Congress,
which governs the territory with full jurisdiction under the Puerto Rico
Federal Relations Act of 1950. However, Puerto Rico does have one non-voting
member of the House called a Resident Commissioner. As residents of a U.S.
territory, American citizens in Puerto Rico are disenfranchised at the national
level and do not vote for the president or vice president of the United States,
and only some residents pay federal income tax. Like other territories and the
District of Columbia, Puerto Rico does not have U.S. senators. Congress
approved a local constitution in 1952, allowing U.S. citizens of the territory
to elect a governor. Puerto Rico's future political status has consistently
been a matter of significant debate.
Since Puerto Rico does not issue stamps, I chose four
US stamps with a Puerto Rico theme. First the flag from the Flags of our Nation
series, two stamps from the tropical birds issue from 1998 and the stamp for
the 250th anniversary of San Juan from 1971. The envelope came back from the San
Juan main post office in just under a month, but again with a machine
cancellation that ruined the two bird stamps.
Date sent: 6 June 2017
Date postmark: 29 June 2017
Date received: 4 July 2017
Number of days: 28